History Culture


Премьер-министр РФ Владимир Путин подтвердил озвученное им ранее отношение к работе правоохранительных органов на несанкционированных митингах, но признал, что власть должна быть в применении силы более аккуратной.

В конце августа он заявил, что не понимает, почему “несогласные” митингуют именно там, где им “не разрешают”. “Они хотят что-то сказать. Критиковать власть. Вот в Лондоне определили место. Где нельзя, бьют дубиной по башке. Нельзя? Пришел? Получи, тебя отоварили. И никто не возмущается!” – заявил премьер. Он считает, что целью “маршей несогласных” является провокация. По его словам, незаконные акции надо жестко пресекать.

В эти дни Владимир Путин так же дал четко понять, что он пришел к власти надолго. Западные аналитики сделали вывод, что миру придется и дальше приспосабливаться к его авторитарной системе управления, которая душит политическое инакомыслие.

Штефан Шолль  статья Московский Комсомолец № 25442 от 6 сентября 2010 г. 

Stefan Scholl Moskovskij Komsomolets

 Lacrime, dolore, tristezza. La Russia intera ha ricordato la tragedia della scuola di Beslan di 6 anni fa. Nella cittadina osseta sono state tre le giornate di lutto.

 Mercoledì mattina (primo settembre), circa 3mila persone hanno portato alle rovine della palestra, dove si registrò il maggior numero di morti, bottiglie d’acqua, fiori, candele. Giovedì, cerimonia religiosa, poi nella piazza principale requiem e lettura di alcune poesie. Oggi alle 13.05, ora di inizio dello spargimento di sangue, minuto di silenzio dopo il suono delle campane, quindi sono stati liberati nel cielo 334 palloncini bianchi in memoria dei caduti, i cui nomi sono stati letti da uno speaker in un clima gelido e spettrale.

 Come si ricorderà, il primo settembre 2004 un gruppo di terroristi radicali assaltò la scuola numero uno di Beslan – piccolo centro della Russia meridionale -, prendendo in ostaggio 1128 prigionieri tra allievi, docenti e genitori. Dopo 52 ore di infruttuose trattative lo scontro armato con la morte di 334 persone, di cui 186 bambini.

 “Quando si avvicinano questi giorni – ha ammesso Liudmila Plieva, funzionario della cittadina, l’aria si fa sempre pesante”. Quest’anno è stata eretta una croce e posto il primo mattone per la costruzione di una chiesa.  “Purtroppo – ha ammesso il presidente dell’Ossezia settentrionale Mamsurov – il pericolo di atti di terrorismo rimane”. Nel 2010 la stessa capitale Mosca è stata colpita, dando nuova linfa alle frange più dure della società federale.

 Manifestazioni contro il terrorismo e in memoria delle vittime di questa piaga sono state tenute sia in Russia che all’estero.

 «73 процента опрошенных сограждан признались, что хотят уехать из России. Это форма отчаяния, раздражения, ощущения безнадежности. Социологи отмечают серьезное разочарование сегодняшнего российского человека, что рождает нигилизм и цинизм.

 Наша молодежь — за небольшим исключением — не уезжает. Молодежь идет в чиновники. Образованные молодые люди не хотят заниматься бизнесом, рисковать – они предпочитают госслужбу. В результате образовалось государство чиновников — их на миллион больше, чем десять лет назад. У большинства сограждан утрачена вера в способность самому чего-то существенного добиться и изменить жизнь — свою и страны».

 статьяМосковский Комсомолец № 25438 от 1 сентября 2010 г.

Napoleon was widely appreciated in Poland. Erecting monuments to the Emperor was not accepted by the three occupants of the Slavic country. After restoring independence in 1918 the hundredth anniversary of his death was celebrated in Poland nearly as it was in France.

 Warsaw City Council has just given the go-ahead for the construction of a monument at the site of an old statue on Plac Powstańców Warszawy, which used to be known as Napoleon Square before World War Two

Article – Radio Polska; Napoleon’s Monuments in Poland – History.

The Auschwitz memorial in Poland says it has obtained around 150 medical instruments believed to have been used by the Nazis in experiments on the death camp inmates.

 Article – AFP – Sydney Morning Herald August 28th, 2010.

“La via maestra è l’integrazione europea”. Questo uno dei passaggi più significativi del discorso del presidente ucraino, Viktor Janukovich, tenuto al Maidan, la piazza centrale di Kiev. Le riforme, ha sottolineato il capo dello Stato, sono solo all’inizio ed hanno l’obiettivo di garantire lo sviluppo democratico ed un giusto stato sociale.

 Rispondendo poi alle critiche delle ultime settimane, Janukovich ha ribadito che è favorevole a mass media liberi e forti, poiché essi sono una delle fondamenta della democrazia.

 Di quanto sia complicata l’indipendenza ha parlato il premier Azarov, ricordando i passati legami economici e culturali col resto dell’Urss. L’ex presidente Jushenko ha, invece, polemizzato, evidenziando come anche le vecchie generazioni ucraine volevano “essere padroni in casa propria”, ma si dovette aspettare fino al 1991.

 Dopo le repubbliche baltiche con la loro catena umana di protesta contro l’Urss, celebrata a Riga al monumento per la Libertà, anche la Polonia ricorda il difficile 1989 con il passaggio di potere a Solidarnosc ed il crollo del Muro di Berlino. Il 24 agosto è l’anniversario della composizione del primo governo post comunista dell’Europa satellite di Mosca, quello del premier Tadeusz Mazowiecki.

The Constitutional Court ruled that Mihai Ghimpu’s decree to institute the Soviet Occupation Day on June 28 is unconstitutional. The Court’s president Dumitru Pulbere argued Mihai Ghimpu tried to assess the historical events from legal viewpoint. The decree is to be annulled, Info-Prim Neo reports.

The verdict was given in the absence of the Acting President, who left when the judges withdrew for deliberations. At 1pm, Mihai Ghimpu was to go on a visit to Razeni village of Ialoveni district.

The Communists Party’s jurist Sergiu Sarbu said the Court’s decision is logical and predictable as Mihai Ghimpu misused his power. Deputy Minister of Justice Oleg Efrim, the Government’s representative at the Constitutional Court, said the Court’s decision is final so that the decree will be annulled.

Mihai Ghimpu issued the decree whereby June 28 was declared the Soviet Occupation Day on June 24. On June 28, 2010, it was 70 years since Moldova became part of the Soviet Union.

ENGLISH – ПО-РУССКИ

On June 26 Lithuania’s former President and former Prime Minister, Algirdas Brazauskas, died at the age of 77 after a serious illness.

In the late 1980ies he became the chief of the Communist Party of Lithuania, which under his leadership supported the aspiration of the republic to become independent. “Either the Party has to radically change itself to get closer to the people, or it must liquidate itself,” he told The New York Times in 1990. In March 1990 Lithuania declared independence from Moscow and it was the beginning of the break-up of the Soviet Union.

Brazauskas was the country’s second-most popular politician in June after current President Dalia Grybauskaite, according to an opinion poll conducted in by Vilmorus for Valstybe.

In June 2010 Russia’s President Dmitry Medvedev awarded him the Order of Honour for his significant contribution to cooperation between Russia and Lithuania and good neighbourly relations.

– “President Brazauskas led Lithuania through a period of remarkable change and transformation. He played a crucial role in the independence movement that liberated his country and inspired people all over the world.

As the first president of a free Lithuania, and later as prime minister, he worked to deliver on the promise of democracy. Under his leadership, Lithuania joined NATO and the European Union and developed a strong partnership with the United States. President Brazauskas was a champion for his nation and his people”, US Secretary of State, Hillary Rodham Clinton.

– “The background in which he lived and worked, demanded to conform to Soviet conditions, but he had never forgot he was a Lithuanian, and he was a patriot of Lithuania,” the leader of the Belarussian Social Democratic Hramada,  Stanislau Shushkevich.

Article The New York Times, 1990. ArticleThe New York Times, 2010. ArticleDeutsche Welle, 2010.

ПО-РУССКИ

Выступая в эфире радиостанции “Эхо Москвы” в 2008 г., Бразаускас рассказывал о том, как Литва становилась независимым государством.

ПРОГРАММА – “Эхо Москвы”

StalinGori2 Georgian President Mikhail Saakashvili has approved the dismantling of the historic monument to Stalin in the centre of Gori, Soviet dictator’s birthplace, and rejected the accusations of attempting to rewrite history.

“There is a museum nearby. In that place there must be the appropriate exposure. In our country there should not be at the same time museums of occupation and monuments to people whose initiative provoked the invasion of an occupation army,” Mr. Saakashvili said, alluding to the military conflict with Russia in August 2008. “It’s necessary to act with history in a civilized manner, without hysterics and vandalism”, he concluded.

 Stalin’s six-meter-bronze statue was removed during the night, so that in the morning the empty square in front of City Hall was a surprise to the townspeople. According to some of them,  authorities simply tried to avoid protests, because local residents would prevent the demolition.

Officials say the overnight dismantlement of the towering statue, approved last week by the city’s parliament, was spurred by the appeals of a younger generation who have embraced Western ideals of freedom.

 At a press conference the Minister of Culture, Sport and Monument Protection Nika Rurua said that “in the centre of the city of Gori, on Heroes’ Square, there is no place for such an ugly idol.”

“Stalin was a political criminal involved in the invasion of Georgia by the Red Army in 1921 and in its occupation which lasted 70 years,” he explained.

 The removal of the monument to the Soviet dictator – erected  in his honor in 1952, the year before his death, –  makes way for the construction of a memorial to the fallen in the war against Russia in August 2008, when the town was shelled by Moscow’s military forces.

 The huge statue of Stalin, in an overcoat staring out over the Caucasus Mountains beyond, was one of the few monuments to the dictator still standing anywhere in the world.

 Born Joseph Dzhugashvili to a peasant woman in Gori (80 kilometres west of Tbilisi) in 1878, Stalin ruled the Soviet Union with an iron fist from the late 1920s to his death in 1953.

 Article – Reuters – Georgia

 Севастополь никогда не входил в состав Крыма и никогда не передавался Украине. Депутат Партии регионов Владимир Зубанов заявил о намерении России отсудить город. Предотвратить такое развитие событий смогла только ратификация соглашения о продлении пребывания Черноморского флота в Севастополе.

 Однако в Москве отрицают существование тайных исков. В 2008 году разгорался скандал из-за предложения мэра Москвы Юрия Лужкова вернуть России Севастополь. В феврале 2010 года постоянный представитель России в НАТО Дмитрий Рогозин снова поднял этот вопрос. Он пояснил, что в послевоенное время Севастополь был выведен из состава Крымской области, “потому в списке “подарков” Хрущева Украине он не числится”.

 Между тем часть севастопольцев настаивает на возвращении города России.

СтатьяДень – Киев

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